A smooth golf swing requires flexibility, power, and coordination, especially from the shoulder. But when that swing leads to nagging pain or limited motion, it could signal something more than just muscle fatigue. For many golfers, shoulder discomfort is an early sign of rotator cuff irritation or injury. Here’s what every golfer should know about shoulder pain and the rotator cuff.
Why Golfers Are at Risk for Rotator Cuff Injuries
The repetitive, high-velocity motion of a golf swing puts unique stress on the shoulder, particularly the rotator cuff, which stabilizes and powers the shoulder joint. Over time, this can lead to inflammation, small tears, or even more serious damage, especially if swing mechanics are off or there's a history of overuse.
Older golfers may be at increased risk, as the rotator cuff tendons naturally weaken with age. However, even younger players can develop issues due to overtraining, poor posture, or inadequate shoulder strength and mobility.
Common Symptoms of a Rotator Cuff Problem
Shoulder pain during or after your swing isn’t something to ignore. Some warning signs that your rotator cuff may be involved include:
- A dull ache deep in the shoulder
- Pain that worsens at night or when lying on the affected side
- Difficulty raising your arm or reaching overhead
- Weakness during the backswing or follow-through
- Clicking or popping sensations in the shoulder
These symptoms can appear gradually or suddenly, depending on whether the injury is due to wear-and-tear or a single traumatic movement.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Golf-Related Shoulder Pain
An orthopedic evaluation typically begins with a physical exam and possibly imaging tests like an MRI or ultrasound to assess the extent of rotator cuff involvement. Minor cases may respond well to physical therapy, rest, anti-inflammatory medications, and modifications to your swing.
For more persistent or severe injuries, especially those involving partial or full-thickness tears, minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery may be considered. This technique allows for faster recovery and less disruption of surrounding tissues compared to traditional open surgery.
Getting Back on the Golf Course
Rotator cuff injuries don't have to spell the end of your golf game. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help restore shoulder function and reduce the risk of long-term damage. Working with a shoulder specialist who understands the demands of the athletic motion of the golf swing can make a meaningful difference in recovery and performance.
AUTHOR: Anup Shah, MD, MBA, FAAOS is a board-certified, fellowship-trained Sports Medicine Orthopedic surgeon specializing in Knee and Shoulder Surgery in Phoenix, Arizona at Banner Health. Dr. Shah uses a patient-centric and evidence-based approach to help his patients achieve their desired goals.
